Dr. Pushpa Soni

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Dr. Pushpa Soni is a highly qualified and experienced consultant in obstetrics and gynecology. She completed her MBBS from the Maharashtra University of Health Sciences in Nashik and obtained her DNB from the National Board of Examination. With 16 years of experience in her fields of gynecology and obstetrics.

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PCOS: Causes, Symptoms, and Long-Term Management

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  • PCOS: Causes, Symptoms, and Long-Term Management

PCOS is a hormonal disorder that is common in women of reproductive age (15-45 years). It is a chronic disease with a longitudinal treatment perspective. The incidence is 5 to 15% in the reproductive age group. In about 30% of women, the problem of infertility is due to PCOS.

Causes:

The exact cause of PCOS is unknown. There are many reasons associated with PCOS

  • Insulin Resistance
  • Androgen Excess
  • Obesity
  • Genetics

Symptoms:

Adolescent Presentations:

  • Hirsutism
  • Acne
  • Hair Loss Issue
  • Menstrual Delay
  • Continuous Heavy Bleeding

Fertile life:

  • Anovulation
  • Oligo-ovulation
  • Sub Fertility

Midlife:

  • DM (type 2)
  • HTN
  • Obesity
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • CVD
  • Endometrial Hyperplasia
  • Endometrial Cancer.

Lifestyle changes:

  • We treat infertility according to the stage of life of the woman.
  • I would recommend losing weight through a low-calorie diet.
  • Combined with moderate exercise
  • The condition improves with a reduction of 5-7% of body weight.
  • Losing weight may also increase the effectiveness of medication for PCOS and help with infertility.

Weight Loss:

  • Low Insulin Resistance
  • Low Androgen Levels
  • Restore Ovulation

Be Active:

  • Exercise helps lower blood sugar levels
  • Increase daily activity and participate in a regular exercise program.
  • Reduces Insulin Resistance.
  • It also helps in keeping the weight under control and avoiding the development of diabetes.

Adolescent:

  • Lifestyle Changes
  • Oral Contraceptive Pills
  • Medicine
  • Lasers

Reproductive Life:

 

  • Infertility – Net All PCOS women are infertile, but it depends on the age group. The spontaneous conception will occur in 28-30% of women.
  • Reason for Infertility – Anovulation

Reproductive Treatment:

  • 5-10% Reduction of Weight
  • Spontaneous Ovulation
  • 30% Reduction in Central Fat
  • Improves Insulin Sensitivity
  • Restore Ovulation

Medicines for sensitizing desiring and ovulation induction drugs

Midlife Problems:

  • PCOS increases the risk of metabolic problems occurring in mid-life, which most people are not aware of. Since they require regular check-ups

Common Metabolic Problems:

  • Obesity (50-60%)
  • Impaired Glucose to Relevance
  • Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (10-25%)
  • Hypertension (7 Fold Increase Risk )
  • Hyperlipidemia
  • Obstructive Sleep Apnea
  • Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Endometrial Cancer:

Women with PCOS have an increased risk of endometrial hyperplasia and cancer due to unopposed estrogen (6-fold). Early screening of weight, body mass index, waist circumference, glucose tolerance test, lipid profile, liver function test, ultrasound (abdomen + pelvis) should be done annually.